{"product_id":"treatise-on-probability-john-maynard-keynes-9788126916696","title":"A Treatise on Probability | John Maynard Keynes \u0026 K.R. Gupta","description":"\u003ch2\u003eA Treatise on Probability — John Maynard Keynes (with Contribution by K.R. Gupta)\u003c\/h2\u003e \u003ch3\u003eBook Description\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eA Treatise on Probability\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e is the foundational mathematical and philosophical work of John Maynard Keynes, originally published in 1921. While Keynes is globally celebrated for his revolutionary economic frameworks, this treatise represents his most significant contribution to mathematics, logic, and the history of science. Moving far beyond traditional numerical calculations, Keynes introduces a groundbreaking \"logical-relationist\" theory that redefines how we understand risk, evidence, and decision-making under conditions of human uncertainty.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis specialized edition, published by Atlantic Publishers and featuring expert input from Dr. K.R. Gupta, has been carefully adapted to serve modern academic needs. While preserving Keynes's core arguments against classical probability theory, this volume adapts the original text into an accessible narrative framework and integrates crucial developments that have occurred in the field since the early 20th century. Complete with dedicated practice problems, solved exercises, and un-solved self-tests, this comprehensive text bridges the gap between pure philosophical logic and real-world statistical inference.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eKey Features \u0026amp; Themes\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eLogical-Relationist Approach:\u003c\/strong\u003e Argues that probability is not merely about numerical frequencies, but a strictly objective logical relationship between given evidence and a hypothesis.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eFive-Part Structure:\u003c\/strong\u003e Universally covers the fundamental ideas of probability, core theorems, induction and analogy, philosophical applications, and the structural foundations of statistical inference.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eEnhanced Academic Adaptation:\u003c\/strong\u003e Modernized layout by Dr. K.R. Gupta includes updated bibliographies, revised indices, and freshly incorporated chapters dedicated to \"Practice Problems\" and \"Test Yourself\" segments.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eOvercoming Skepticism:\u003c\/strong\u003e Demonstrates how theoretically grounded hypotheses with small finite probabilities can be logically converted into practical certainty through comprehensive, repetitive observations.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003ch3\u003ePraise for the Work\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003eHistorically hailed by contemporary giants like Bertrand Russell as \u003cem\u003e\"undoubtedly the most important work on probability that has appeared for a very long time,\"\u003c\/em\u003e Keynes's treatise continues to be a seminal text. Modern scholars and reviewers note its enduring relevance to contemporary debates surrounding behavioral economics and artificial intelligence.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eAbout the Authors\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eJohn Maynard Keynes\u003c\/strong\u003e (1883–1946) was a towering British economist, mathematician, and civil servant whose theories fundamentally altered the practice of macroeconomics and state economic policies worldwide. He was a foundational member of the intellectual Bloomsbury Group and remains celebrated as one of the most influential thinkers of the 20th century.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eDr. K.R. Gupta\u003c\/strong\u003e is a well-known academic, editor, and author who has written and contributed to numerous textbooks across the disciplines of economics, statistics, and social sciences, helping adapt classic intellectual texts for modern university students.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003ch3\u003eProduct Details\u003c\/h3\u003e \u003ctable border=\"1\" cellpadding=\"8\" cellspacing=\"0\" style=\"border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; max-width: 600px; border-color: #ccc;\"\u003e \u003cthead\u003e \u003ctr style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2; text-align: left;\"\u003e \u003cth\u003eCategory\u003c\/th\u003e \u003cth\u003eValue\u003c\/th\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/thead\u003e \u003ctbody\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISBN-13\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e9788126916696\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISBN-10\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e8126916699\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eAuthor \/ Editor\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eJohn Maynard Keynes; K.R. Gupta\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePages\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e552\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eBook Binding\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eHardcover\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublisher\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003eAtlantic\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003ctr\u003e \u003ctd\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublished\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/td\u003e \u003ctd\u003e2012\u003c\/td\u003e \u003c\/tr\u003e \u003c\/tbody\u003e \u003c\/table\u003e","brand":"Bust-Down Books","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":51512847958331,"sku":"8126916699","price":62.99,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0855\/2077\/7531\/files\/9788126916696.jpg?v=1785530477","url":"https:\/\/bustdownbooks.com\/products\/treatise-on-probability-john-maynard-keynes-9788126916696","provider":"Bust-Down Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}